I can't speak for the iPhone 11 but the Galaxy S10 plus which I have allows the creation of slow-motion footage. You can then open that footage in MEP and "edit" as normal, but in this situation you are not making any speed change in MEP.
There is a very great difference between filming in slow motion and attempting to use the speed control in MEP to slow down footage that has been originally created at "normal" speed. I would not remotely expect that MEP-created "slow-motion" footage would be anywhere near the quality of slow-motion footage created in the camera/phone.
Jeff
EDIT: to add. If you want to really explore the possibilities of slowing down or speeding up footage recorded at "normal" speed, have a look at ProDAD's "ReSpeedr".
You are comparing two different things. At the same fps, the cell phone will do no better than MEP.
MEP can only handle what you give it. If you film at 25 fps (or 29.97) and then slow it down, the program will insert duplicate images. There is a parameter that will have the program try to tween, but it's just guessing.
With a cell phone, it may film at 120fps so that when it plays back at normal speed, you get slow motion, it looks smooth - it doesn't have to insert as many duplicate frames. If you want the same smoothness in MEP, you have to film at a high rate of frames per second and then slow it down in MEP, just like the cell phone does.